The current drug of choice for acute malaria is artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). ACTs reduce, but do not eliminate, gametocyte carriage, allowing some transmission to continue after treatment. Antibody responses directed at the parasite's sexual stages in the mosquito have been shown to reduce malaria transmission, whereas little is known about antibody responses to gametocytes within the human host. We and others have described distinct antibody responses that recognise gametocytes and are associated with reduced gametocyte carriage, but the target antigens remain unknown. We are using molecular, immunological and transcriptomic approaches to identify and characterise gametocyte-specific antigens, to shed light on gametocyte immunity and inform the development of transmission-blocking interventions.